Expert consensus on clinical practice of stellate ganglion block for the treatment of insomnia

Stellate ganglion block (SGB) is a procedure that involves the injection of local anesthetics into loose connective tissues around the stellate ganglion (SG), which blocks the cervical sympathetic trunk, cervical sympathetic ganglia, and both preganglionic and postganglionic nerve fibers, and their innervated nerve fibers. The primary objective of this intervention is to restore the balance within the autonomic nervous system, circulatory system, immune system and endocrine functions by modulating sympathetic nerve activity, thereby promoting homeostasis. Recent clinical observations have demonstrated that SGB is particularly effective in treating insomnia, especially insomnia associated with autonomic dysfunction. This consensus aims to provide clinical practitioners with evidence-based guidance on the application of SGB in the management of insomnia.